tgoop.com/zartosht_setodeh/5699
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wehre Ibnifazlan meet the Turks
ChatGPT said:
Ahmad ibn Fadlān met Turkic peoples (notably the Oghuz Turks, or “Ghuzz” as he calls them) during his journey in 922 CE as part of an embassy from the Abbasid Caliphate.
Library of Arabic Literature
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Encyclopedia.com
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📍 Where & how he met them
After leaving the region of Khwarazm and crossing northward toward the Caspian-Volga region, Ibn Fadlān writes that he entered the lands of the Turks:
“We left al-Jurjāniyah … and stopped at an outpost called Zamjān, the Gate of the Turks. The following morning … we plunged deep into the realm of the Turks through a barren, mountainless desert … After fifteen nights … we came to … a tribe of the Turks known as the Ghuzziyyah.”
Library of Arabic Literature
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So, the meeting occurred in the steppe region north of the Caspian/Aral Sea area, in the land of the Ghuzz (Oghuz Turks).
blogs.dickinson.edu
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His account places the encounter before he reached the court of the Volga Bulgars (his primary diplomatic destination).
Encyclopedia.com
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📝 Significance
Ibn Fadlān’s description is among the earlier Arab-written first-hand accounts of Turkic nomadic peoples.
The encounter happens in the context of a long caravan route: from Baghdad northwards through Persia/Khwarazm then into the Turkic steppe.
The wording “realm of the Turks” and the stop at “Gate of the Turks” suggest the region was recognized as a Turkic domain at that time.
If you like, I can pull up exact Arabic-language passages from his manuscript where he describes meeting the Turks (with chapter/folio references). Would that be helpful?
You said:
yes
ChatGPT said:
Here are exact passages (in English translation) from Ahmad ibn Fadlan’s Risāla / Mission to the Volga showing where he meets Turkic groups (specifically the Ghuzz (Oghuz) Turks) — along with the corresponding Arabic-reference (if known) and context.
📍 Passage #1
“We left al-Jurjāniyah on Monday, the second of Dhu l-Qa‘dah, 309 [Monday, 4 March, 922], and stopped at an outpost called Zamjān, the Gate of the Turks. The following morning … we plunged deep into the realm of the Turks through a barren, mountain-less desert. … After fifteen nights of this, we came to a huge rocky mountain … We crossed the mountain and reached a tribe of the Turks known as the Ghuzziyyah. … The first king and chief we met was the Lesser Yinal. … We gave him some gifts.”
Library of Arabic Literature
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jerichobookgroup.org.uk
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Context & details: This gives a specific description of the caravan’s journey into Turkic territory: from the “Gate of the Turks” (Zamjān) into the deeper “realm of the Turks”, then meeting the tribe of the “Ghuzziyyah”. The “Lesser Yinal” is described as their chief. The date (second of Dhu l-Qa‘dah, 309 AH / March 922) is also specified.
Library of Arabic Literature
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📍 Passage #2
“… the jurist, the instructor, and the retainers who had left the City of Peace with us stayed behind, too scared to enter the realm of the Turks.”
Library of Arabic Literature
Context: This indicates that some of the mission party refused to continue into the “realm of the Turks” because it was perceived as dangerous or remote. The term “realm of the Turks” (in English translation) is used here. This helps locate where the encounter begins.
📝 Arabic reference & Manuscript note
The Arabic title of the text is something like رِسالة ابن فضلان: ما شاهده في بلاد التُّرْكِ والخَزَارِ والرّوس وغيرها (“The letter/report of Ibn Fadlān on what he witnessed in the lands of the Turks, the Khazars, the Rus, etc.”).
CORE
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One key manuscript is MS 5229 from the Riḍawīya (Astane Quds) collection, which includes the segment “ma shāhadahu fī bilād al-Turk wa al-Khazar wa al-Rus …” (“what he witnessed in the lands of the Turks and the Khazars and the Rus …”).
Wikipedia
✅ Summary
In short:
Ibn Fadlān meets a Turkic tribe (the Ghuzz / Oghuz Turks) after passing the “Gate of the Turks” (Zamjān) and entering the desert steppe “realm of the Turks”.
BY پروفسور زرتشت ستودِ KFP
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