THE_DEVELOPER_GUIDE Telegram 5703
ุฏุฑุฏุดุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ุนู† ูˆุธูŠูุฉ Site Reliability Engineer โšก๏ธ
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ุฒู…ุงู† (ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ู…ุตุทู„ุญ SRE)ุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุฃูŠ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุจู†ูŠ ุณูŠุณุชู… ูƒุจูŠุฑ โ€“ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง web app ุฃูˆ service ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Users โ€“ ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ ุฏุงูŠู…ู‹ุง ูุตู„ ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠู† ูุฑูŠู‚ูŠู†:

1- ุงู„ู€ Developers: ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒุชุจ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏ ูˆุชุถูŠู Features ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ.
2- ุงู„ู€ Operations / SysAdmins: ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู…ุŒ ุงู„ู€ moniteringุŒ ุงู„ู€ serversุŒ ุงู„ู€ uptimeุŒ ุฅู„ุฎ.

ูˆุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุญุฑุจ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ ุฏุงูŠู…ู‹ุงุŒ ุงู„ู€ Developer ุนุงูŠุฒ ูŠู€ release features ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูˆูŠุฑูŠุญ ุฏู…ุงุบู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Ops ุนุงูŠุฒ ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู… ูŠูุถู„ ุซุงุจุชุŒ ุนู„ุดุงู† ูƒุฏู‡ ุจูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ู…ูุงุฌุฆุฉ.

ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒู†ุณ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุชุฏุฎู„ุช ุฌูˆุฌู„ ูˆุนู…ู„ุช ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Site Reliability Engineer

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๐Ÿ“Œ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ SREุŸ

ุจุจุณุงุทุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ Site Reliability Engineering ู‡ูˆ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ู…ุจุงุฏุฆ ุงู„ู€ Software Engineering ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ Operations.
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ manual workุŒ ู†ุฎู„ูŠ ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ automatedุŒ measuredุŒ ูˆู…ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ data ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠุฉ.

ุงู„ู€ SRE Engineer ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Developers ูˆุงู„ู€ Ops. ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณ ูุงู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุธูˆู…ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ production.

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โš™๏ธ ุดุบู„ ุงู„ู€ SRE ู…ู‚ุณู… ู„ุญุงุฌุชูŠู† ุฃุณุงุณูŠุชูŠู†:

1- ุงู„ู€ Reliability: ูŠุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู† ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู… ุดุบุงู„ ุจุซุจุงุชุŒ ู…ููŠุด downtimeุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ monitored.
2- ุงู„ู€ Velocity: ูŠุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ teams ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชู€ deploy ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูˆุขู…ุงู† ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ูŠุจูˆุธ.

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๐Ÿ’ก ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูุงู‡ูŠู… ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ููŠ ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ู€ SRE:

1. SLI / SLO / SLA
- ุงู„ู€ SLI (Service Level Indicator): ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฃุฏุงุก ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู…ุŒ ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง latency ุฃูˆ availability.
- ุงู„ู€ SLO (Service Level Objective): ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุงูŠุฒูŠู† ู†ุญุงูุธ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ุฒูŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ uptime ูŠูƒูˆู† 99.9%.
- ุงู„ู€ SLA (Service Level Agreement): ุงู„ุงุชูุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชุฏูŠู‡ ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ุงุกุŒ ูˆู„ูˆ ูƒุณุฑุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุตู„ penalties.

ุงู„ู€ SRE ุจูŠุชุงุจุน ุงู„ู€ SLI ุนุดุงู† ูŠุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู†ู†ุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ SLOุŒ ูˆู„ูˆ ู‚ุฑุจู†ุง ู†ูƒุณุฑู‡ ุจูŠูˆู‚ู ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ุชุณุชู‚ุฑ.

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2. Error Budget
ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุงุŒ ุฎู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุฎุทุงุก ุนู† ูุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ Development. ู…ุซู„ู‹ุงุŒ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู€ SLO ุจุชุงุนูƒ 99.9%ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูƒ 0.1% downtime ู…ุณู…ูˆุญ ุจูŠู‡.
ู„ูˆ ู„ุณู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ: ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู€ deploy features.
ู„ูˆ ุฎู„ุตุช: ุชูˆู‚ู ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ูŠุณุชู‚ุฑ.

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3. Monitoring & Alerting
ุงู„ู€ SRE ุจูŠุจู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุธู…ุฉ monitoring ุฐูƒูŠุฉ ุชู€ detect ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ูŠุญุณ ุจูŠู‡ุง. ูˆุจูŠุนู…ู„ alerts ู…ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ SLO ู…ุด ุนู„ู‰ noise. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ูƒู„ Warning ุชุจู‚ู‰ Alert.

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4. Incident Management
ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ุชู‚ุนุŒ ุงู„ู€ SRE ุจูŠู‚ูˆุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ incident response ูˆูŠุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ ูˆูŠุตู„ุญู‡ุงุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Postmortem โ€” ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุชูุงุฏู‰ ุชูƒุฑุงุฑู‡ุง.

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5. Automation
ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง automation:

- deployment
- scaling
- recovery
- testing
- monitoring

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๐Ÿ’ฏ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุฃูŠ SRE ู…ุญุชุฑู…:

- ูู‡ู… ุนู…ูŠู‚ ู„ู„ู€ Linux systems
- ุฎุจุฑุฉ ููŠ Cloud platforms (AWS / GCP / Azure)
- ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุจู€ Networking ูˆ Load Balancing
- ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุฒูŠ Prometheus, Grafana, Kubernetes, Terraform, Jenkins
- ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ููŠ Scripting (Python / Bash / Go)
- ูˆุฃู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ: problem-solving ูˆ communication skills ู…ู…ุชุงุฒุฉ.

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ูˆูู‚ูƒู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ูƒู„ ุฎูŠุฑ ๐ŸŒฟ
โค8



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ุฏุฑุฏุดุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ุนู† ูˆุธูŠูุฉ Site Reliability Engineer โšก๏ธ
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ุฒู…ุงู† (ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ู…ุตุทู„ุญ SRE)ุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุฃูŠ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุจู†ูŠ ุณูŠุณุชู… ูƒุจูŠุฑ โ€“ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง web app ุฃูˆ service ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Users โ€“ ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ ุฏุงูŠู…ู‹ุง ูุตู„ ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠู† ูุฑูŠู‚ูŠู†:

1- ุงู„ู€ Developers: ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒุชุจ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏ ูˆุชุถูŠู Features ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ.
2- ุงู„ู€ Operations / SysAdmins: ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู…ุŒ ุงู„ู€ moniteringุŒ ุงู„ู€ serversุŒ ุงู„ู€ uptimeุŒ ุฅู„ุฎ.

ูˆุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุญุฑุจ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ ุฏุงูŠู…ู‹ุงุŒ ุงู„ู€ Developer ุนุงูŠุฒ ูŠู€ release features ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูˆูŠุฑูŠุญ ุฏู…ุงุบู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Ops ุนุงูŠุฒ ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู… ูŠูุถู„ ุซุงุจุชุŒ ุนู„ุดุงู† ูƒุฏู‡ ุจูŠูƒุฑู‡ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ู…ูุงุฌุฆุฉ.

ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒู†ุณ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุชุฏุฎู„ุช ุฌูˆุฌู„ ูˆุนู…ู„ุช ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Site Reliability Engineer

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๐Ÿ“Œ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ SREุŸ

ุจุจุณุงุทุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ Site Reliability Engineering ู‡ูˆ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ู…ุจุงุฏุฆ ุงู„ู€ Software Engineering ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ Operations.
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ manual workุŒ ู†ุฎู„ูŠ ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ automatedุŒ measuredุŒ ูˆู…ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ data ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠุฉ.

ุงู„ู€ SRE Engineer ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Developers ูˆุงู„ู€ Ops. ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณ ูุงู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุธูˆู…ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ production.

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โš™๏ธ ุดุบู„ ุงู„ู€ SRE ู…ู‚ุณู… ู„ุญุงุฌุชูŠู† ุฃุณุงุณูŠุชูŠู†:

1- ุงู„ู€ Reliability: ูŠุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู† ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู… ุดุบุงู„ ุจุซุจุงุชุŒ ู…ููŠุด downtimeุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ monitored.
2- ุงู„ู€ Velocity: ูŠุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ teams ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชู€ deploy ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูˆุขู…ุงู† ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ูŠุจูˆุธ.

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๐Ÿ’ก ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูุงู‡ูŠู… ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ููŠ ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ู€ SRE:

1. SLI / SLO / SLA
- ุงู„ู€ SLI (Service Level Indicator): ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฃุฏุงุก ุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู…ุŒ ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง latency ุฃูˆ availability.
- ุงู„ู€ SLO (Service Level Objective): ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุงูŠุฒูŠู† ู†ุญุงูุธ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ุฒูŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ uptime ูŠูƒูˆู† 99.9%.
- ุงู„ู€ SLA (Service Level Agreement): ุงู„ุงุชูุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชุฏูŠู‡ ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ุงุกุŒ ูˆู„ูˆ ูƒุณุฑุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุตู„ penalties.

ุงู„ู€ SRE ุจูŠุชุงุจุน ุงู„ู€ SLI ุนุดุงู† ูŠุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู†ู†ุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ SLOุŒ ูˆู„ูˆ ู‚ุฑุจู†ุง ู†ูƒุณุฑู‡ ุจูŠูˆู‚ู ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ุชุณุชู‚ุฑ.

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2. Error Budget
ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุงุŒ ุฎู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุฎุทุงุก ุนู† ูุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ Development. ู…ุซู„ู‹ุงุŒ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู€ SLO ุจุชุงุนูƒ 99.9%ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูƒ 0.1% downtime ู…ุณู…ูˆุญ ุจูŠู‡.
ู„ูˆ ู„ุณู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ: ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู€ deploy features.
ู„ูˆ ุฎู„ุตุช: ุชูˆู‚ู ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ูŠุณุชู‚ุฑ.

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3. Monitoring & Alerting
ุงู„ู€ SRE ุจูŠุจู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุธู…ุฉ monitoring ุฐูƒูŠุฉ ุชู€ detect ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ูŠุญุณ ุจูŠู‡ุง. ูˆุจูŠุนู…ู„ alerts ู…ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ SLO ู…ุด ุนู„ู‰ noise. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ูƒู„ Warning ุชุจู‚ู‰ Alert.

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4. Incident Management
ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ุชู‚ุนุŒ ุงู„ู€ SRE ุจูŠู‚ูˆุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ incident response ูˆูŠุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ ูˆูŠุตู„ุญู‡ุงุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Postmortem โ€” ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุชูุงุฏู‰ ุชูƒุฑุงุฑู‡ุง.

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5. Automation
ูƒู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง automation:

- deployment
- scaling
- recovery
- testing
- monitoring

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๐Ÿ’ฏ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุฃูŠ SRE ู…ุญุชุฑู…:

- ูู‡ู… ุนู…ูŠู‚ ู„ู„ู€ Linux systems
- ุฎุจุฑุฉ ููŠ Cloud platforms (AWS / GCP / Azure)
- ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุจู€ Networking ูˆ Load Balancing
- ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุฒูŠ Prometheus, Grafana, Kubernetes, Terraform, Jenkins
- ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ููŠ Scripting (Python / Bash / Go)
- ูˆุฃู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ: problem-solving ูˆ communication skills ู…ู…ุชุงุฒุฉ.

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ูˆูู‚ูƒู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ูƒู„ ุฎูŠุฑ ๐ŸŒฟ

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