tgoop.com/smart_regulation/4695
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Продолжаем размещать примеры калибровок эффективности применения ОРВ в госсекторе:
David Parker&Colin Kirkpatrick "Measuring Regulatory Performance. The Economic impact of regulatory policy: a literature review of quantitative evidence" (OECD, 2012).
Abusah and Pingario (2011).The authors study the Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) process in the state of Victoria in Australia between 2005/56 and 2009/10. Since 2004 the Victorian Competition and Efficiency Commission (VEC) has been tasked with independently assessing RIAs produced against the Government of Victoria‘s guidance on the preparation of RIAs. Once a draft RIA has been developed, it should be independently assessed by the VCEC against state guidance. The estimated savings are measured over the ten year life of the regulations, generally using a real discount rate of 3.5%. The estimates in the paper are best regarded as midpoints of a range and are therefore indicative. For the period studied the estimate is that gross savings of AUD 902 million were achieved in present value terms (taking a 10 year life for the regulations). The average annual saving over the five years studied was AUD 180 million. The majority of these savings were due to changes to new/amending regulatory proposals rather than to changes to existing regulation through a sunsetting process. Almost a half of the total savings were due to a proposal not being implemented or a requirement removed after scrutiny. In terms of cost effectiveness, for every dollar incurred by the key parties involved in the RIA process, gross savings of between AUD 428 and AUD 56 were identified. The conclusion is that ―the RIA process has led to significant savings in the costs imposed by Victorian regulations, relative to a situation with no RIA process.
Hahn and Tetlock (2008). They evaluate the contribution of economic analysis to the quality of RIA reports, based on the regulatory proposals submitted to the US President‘s Office of Management and Budget. Cost benefit analysis, where economic values are estimated for costs and benefits, has been a requirement for each new major regulation since 1981. Using the OBM‘s information on 95 major regulatory rules from 1995 to 2005, the authors find that in 14 cases (14.7%) the monetised value of costs exceeded the monetary value of benefits. The authors also find that the quality of the economic analysis applied to the estimation and valuation of impacts has fallen short of the OMB analytical guidelines, and there is a failure to provide sufficient information to make an informed judgment on the potential impacts of the regulatory proposal. No clear upward trend in the quality of cost benefit analysis in regulatory assessments is detected. The study also estimates the costs and benefits of strengthening the economic analysis of regulatory impacts. Comparing average OMB and consultancy staff costs incurred in producing an economic analysis for a major regulation with the average benefits of eliminating regulations with negative net benefits that were implemented between 1995 and 2005, provides a rough estimate of net benefits in excess of USD 250 million per year from improved use of economic analysis.
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