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После моего доклада на python fwdays обещал рассказать как пользоваться tcpdump:

Andrii Soldatenko, [18.05.20 13:15]
tcpdump example:
1. Я запустил postgresql в докере и пробросли порт в систему (5432)
f9284723a810 postgres "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 days ago Up 2 days 0.0.0.0:5432->5432
2. запускаем tcpdump:
sudo tcpdump -i lo0 -nX dst port 5432
важный параметр:
-X print data of each packet in hex and ascii

3. Логинимся 
PGPASSWORD=postgres psql -U postgres -h localhost
4. То что видим в tcpdump output (некоторые пакеты я пропустил):
13:09:25.020387 IP6 ::1.62337 > ::1.5432: Flags [P.], seq 8:92, ack 2, win 6371, options [nop,nop,TS val 962074756 ecr 962074756], length 84
        0x0000:  6004 334d 0074 0640 0000 0000 0000 0000  `.3M.t.@........
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 0001 f381 1538 3b74 c631  ...........8;t.1
        0x0030:  b72a e9e7 8018 18e3 007c 0000 0101 080a  .*.......|......
        0x0040:  3958 1884 3958 1884 0000 0054 0003 0000  9X..9X.....T....
        0x0050:  7573 6572 0070 6f73 7467 7265 7300 6461  user.postgres.da
        0x0060:  7461 6261 7365 0070 6f73 7467 7265 7300  tabase.postgres.
        0x0070:  6170 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e5f 6e61 6d65  application_name
        0x0080:  0070 7371 6c00 636c 6965 6e74 5f65 6e63  .psql.client_enc
        0x0090:  6f64 696e 6700 5554 4638 0000            oding.UTF8..
1

13:09:25.022436 IP6 ::1.62337 > ::1.5432: Flags [P.], seq 92:133, ack 15, win 6371, options [nop,nop,TS val 962074758 ecr 962074758], length 41
        0x0000:  6004 334d 0049 0640 0000 0000 0000 0000  `.3M.I.@........
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 0001 f381 1538 3b74 c685  ...........8;t..
        0x0030:  b72a e9f4 8018 18e3 0051 0000 0101 080a  .*.......Q......
        0x0040:  3958 1886 3958 1886 7000 0000 286d 6435  9X..9X..p...(md5
        0x0050:  6234 3339 6532 3464 3065 6231 3861 3635  b439e24d0eb18a65
        0x0060:  6431 6563 3039 6438 3231 3333 3665 6565  d1ec09d821336eee
        0x0070:  00                                       .
1
Далее все завист от того как настроен ваш сервер БД (https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/auth-pg-hba-conf.html)
у меня это md5 - Require the client to supply an MD5-encrypted password for authentication. See Section 19.3.2 for details.
13:09:25.022436 IP6 ::1.62337 > ::1.5432: Flags [P.], seq 92:133, ack 15, win 6371, options [nop,nop,TS val 962074758 ecr 962074758], length 41
        0x0000:  6004 334d 0049 0640 0000 0000 0000 0000  `.3M.I.@........
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 0001 f381 1538 3b74 c685  ...........8;t..
        0x0030:  b72a e9f4 8018 18e3 0051 0000 0101 080a  .*.......Q......
        0x0040:  3958 1886 3958 1886 7000 0000 286d 6435  9X..9X..p...(md5
        0x0050:  6234 3339 6532 3464 3065 6231 3861 3635  b439e24d0eb18a65
        0x0060:  6431 6563 3039 6438 3231 3333 3665 6565  d1ec09d821336eee
        0x0070:  00                                       .
1
но бывает там стоит password - Require the client to supply an unencrypted password for authentication =)
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После моего доклада на python fwdays обещал рассказать как пользоваться tcpdump:

Andrii Soldatenko, [18.05.20 13:15]
tcpdump example:
1. Я запустил postgresql в докере и пробросли порт в систему (5432)
f9284723a810 postgres "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 days ago Up 2 days 0.0.0.0:5432->5432
2. запускаем tcpdump:

sudo tcpdump -i lo0 -nX dst port 5432
важный параметр:
-X print data of each packet in hex and ascii

3. Логинимся 
PGPASSWORD=postgres psql -U postgres -h localhost
4. То что видим в tcpdump output (некоторые пакеты я пропустил):
13:09:25.020387 IP6 ::1.62337 > ::1.5432: Flags [P.], seq 8:92, ack 2, win 6371, options [nop,nop,TS val 962074756 ecr 962074756], length 84
        0x0000:  6004 334d 0074 0640 0000 0000 0000 0000  `.3M.t.@........
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 0001 f381 1538 3b74 c631  ...........8;t.1
        0x0030:  b72a e9e7 8018 18e3 007c 0000 0101 080a  .*.......|......
        0x0040:  3958 1884 3958 1884 0000 0054 0003 0000  9X..9X.....T....
        0x0050:  7573 6572 0070 6f73 7467 7265 7300 6461  user.postgres.da
        0x0060:  7461 6261 7365 0070 6f73 7467 7265 7300  tabase.postgres.
        0x0070:  6170 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e5f 6e61 6d65  application_name
        0x0080:  0070 7371 6c00 636c 6965 6e74 5f65 6e63  .psql.client_enc
        0x0090:  6f64 696e 6700 5554 4638 0000            oding.UTF8..
1

13:09:25.022436 IP6 ::1.62337 > ::1.5432: Flags [P.], seq 92:133, ack 15, win 6371, options [nop,nop,TS val 962074758 ecr 962074758], length 41
        0x0000:  6004 334d 0049 0640 0000 0000 0000 0000  `.3M.I.@........
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 0001 f381 1538 3b74 c685  ...........8;t..
        0x0030:  b72a e9f4 8018 18e3 0051 0000 0101 080a  .*.......Q......
        0x0040:  3958 1886 3958 1886 7000 0000 286d 6435  9X..9X..p...(md5
        0x0050:  6234 3339 6532 3464 3065 6231 3861 3635  b439e24d0eb18a65
        0x0060:  6431 6563 3039 6438 3231 3333 3665 6565  d1ec09d821336eee
        0x0070:  00                                       .
1
Далее все завист от того как настроен ваш сервер БД (https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/auth-pg-hba-conf.html)
у меня это md5 - Require the client to supply an MD5-encrypted password for authentication. See Section 19.3.2 for details.
13:09:25.022436 IP6 ::1.62337 > ::1.5432: Flags [P.], seq 92:133, ack 15, win 6371, options [nop,nop,TS val 962074758 ecr 962074758], length 41
        0x0000:  6004 334d 0049 0640 0000 0000 0000 0000  `.3M.I.@........
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0020:  0000 0000 0000 0001 f381 1538 3b74 c685  ...........8;t..
        0x0030:  b72a e9f4 8018 18e3 0051 0000 0101 080a  .*.......Q......
        0x0040:  3958 1886 3958 1886 7000 0000 286d 6435  9X..9X..p...(md5
        0x0050:  6234 3339 6532 3464 3065 6231 3861 3635  b439e24d0eb18a65
        0x0060:  6431 6563 3039 6438 3231 3333 3665 6565  d1ec09d821336eee
        0x0070:  00                                       .
1
но бывает там стоит password - Require the client to supply an unencrypted password for authentication =)

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