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🔆New Caledonia:
âś…It is a French overseas territory located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, approximately 1,500 km east of Australia.
✅It comprises the main island of Grande Terre (where the capital, Nouméa, is situated), the four Loyalty Islands (Ouvéa, Lifou, Tiga, and Maré), the Belep archipelago, the Isle of Pines, and some remote islands.
âś…Just over 270,000 people live in New Caledonia (2019 census).
âś…Approximately 39 percent are indigenous ('Kanak'). The remainder are Caledonians of European, Polynesian and other (including Vietnamese, Indonesian and Algerian) origins.
âś…It is one of the European Union's Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs), but is not part of the European Union, the Euro or Schengen zones.
📍History of Island:
âś…New Caledonia, originally inhabited by the Kanaks, came under French control in 1853.
âś…Post-WWII, Kanaks gained French citizenship, but 1960s French migration made them a minority, sparking an independence movement.
✅Tensions led to the Matignon Agreements (1988) and Nouméa Accord (1998), promising three independence referendums.
âś…The 2018 and 2020 referendums favoured France. âś…Despite COVID-19 concerns, the 2021 referendum also favoured France, angering the Kanaks.
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BY MPPSC Previous Year ( PYQ )

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