Mppsc current affairs

🔆 Eastern DRC Conflict: Peace Deals & Pitfalls

📍 Background
✅ June 27: Rwanda–DRC sign U.S.-brokered peace pact in Washington.
✅ July 19: DRC–M23 rebels sign Doha ceasefire (mediated by Qatar).
✅ Within days, M23 resumes offensive → peace fragile.

📍 Role of U.S. & Qatar
✅ U.S. Pact: Cessation of hostilities, no support for armed groups, Joint Security Coordination Mechanism, licit mineral trade framework.
✅ Qatar Deal: DRC & M23 agree to ceasefire, rebels promise withdrawal, DRC to release prisoners.

📍 U.S. Strategic Stakes
✅ Access to $24 trillion mineral reserves.
✅ DRC = 70% of global cobalt + rich in coltan, copper, diamonds, gold.
✅ Reduces China’s dominance in critical minerals.

📍 Challenges
✅ Ceasefire violated — M23 continues attacks in North & South Kivu.
✅ 140+ civilians killed (July, HRW report).
✅ No withdrawal by M23, no prisoner release by DRC.

📍 Implications for Peace
✅ U.S.–Qatar roles raise hopes but peace still elusive.
✅ Conflict rooted in 1994 Rwandan genocide, Congo wars, ethnic tensions.
✅ Without addressing historic causes + ethnic rivalries, deals remain temporary.
✅ Lasting peace needs comprehensive, inclusive process, not just mineral-driven pacts.

#IR #gs2 #mains

www.tgoop.com/mppsc_current/14191

1.33K viewsSep 13 at 03:40

🔆 Eastern DRC Conflict: Peace Deals & Pitfalls

📍 Background
✅ June 27: Rwanda–DRC sign U.S.-brokered peace pact in Washington.
✅ July 19: DRC–M23 rebels sign Doha ceasefire (mediated by Qatar).
✅ Within days, M23 resumes offensive → peace fragile.

📍 Role of U.S. & Qatar
✅ U.S. Pact: Cessation of hostilities, no support for armed groups, Joint Security Coordination Mechanism, licit mineral trade framework.
✅ Qatar Deal: DRC & M23 agree to ceasefire, rebels promise withdrawal, DRC to release prisoners.

📍 U.S. Strategic Stakes
✅ Access to $24 trillion mineral reserves.
✅ DRC = 70% of global cobalt + rich in coltan, copper, diamonds, gold.
✅ Reduces China’s dominance in critical minerals.

📍 Challenges
✅ Ceasefire violated — M23 continues attacks in North & South Kivu.
✅ 140+ civilians killed (July, HRW report).
✅ No withdrawal by M23, no prisoner release by DRC.

📍 Implications for Peace
✅ U.S.–Qatar roles raise hopes but peace still elusive.
✅ Conflict rooted in 1994 Rwandan genocide, Congo wars, ethnic tensions.
✅ Without addressing historic causes + ethnic rivalries, deals remain temporary.
✅ Lasting peace needs comprehensive, inclusive process, not just mineral-driven pacts.

#IR #gs2 #mains

BY Mppsc current affairs