tgoop.com/LanguageStuff/9035
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1. Hardly had the meeting started when the fire alarm went off.
→ Rule: Inversion is used after negative adverbials like Hardly, Scarcely, No sooner.
Structure: Hardly + had + subject + past participle...
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2. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared something special.
→ Rule: Third conditional → If + past perfect, would have + past participle.
Used for unreal past situations.
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3. By the time you arrive, we will have finished eating dinner.
→ Rule: Future perfect tense describes an action completed before a certain future time.
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4. She acts as if she knew everything.
→ Rule: As if + past simple for unreal or imaginary present situations.
(Although it's present, we use past tense.)
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5. Not only was he late, but he also forgot the documents.
→ Rule: Inversion is required after Not only at the beginning of a sentence.
Structure: Not only + auxiliary + subject + main verb...
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6. You’d better finish your homework before going out.
→ Rule: Had better is followed by the bare infinitive (no "to").
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7. If she had left earlier, she wouldn't have missed the train.
→ Rule: Third conditional. Describes a regret about the past.
If + past perfect, would have + past participle.
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8. I wish I had more time to study for the exam.
→ Rule: Wish + past simple for present regrets or imaginary situations.
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9. No sooner had we left than it started raining heavily.
→ Rule: Inversion with No sooner.
Structure: No sooner + had + subject + past participle...
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10. He insisted that she go to the doctor immediately.
→ Rule: Subjunctive mood: in formal English, verbs like insist, demand, suggest use the base form of the verb.
He insisted that she go... (not "goes" or "went")
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11. Neither of the students has done their homework.
→ Rule: Neither is singular, so it takes a singular verb: has.
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12. Despite being very tired, he continued working.
→ Rule: After despite, use a noun, pronoun, or gerund (V-ing).
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13. Were I be more experienced, I would apply for the job.
→ Rule: Formal inversion of the second conditional.
Structure: Were + subject + adjective...
Correct: Were I more experienced... (no "be")
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14. I would rather you didn’t smoke in the house.
→ Rule: After would rather + someone, use past simple for present meaning.
Correct: I’d rather you didn’t...
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15. Scarcely had I begun to explain when she interrupted me.
→ Rule: Inversion with Scarcely.
Structure: Scarcely + had + subject + past participle...
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16. He is said to be fluent in five languages.
→ Rule: Passive reporting structure →
He is said + to + base verb → to be fluent...
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17. It’s high time we took action to solve this problem.
→ Rule: It's (high) time + past simple for present or urgent suggestions.
Correct: It’s high time we took...
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18. He speaks English as though he were a native speaker.
→ Rule: Unreal present → as though + subjunctive form (were for all persons).
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19. But for your help, I wouldn’t have been able to finish the project.
→ Rule: But for = without. Used with third conditional (past unreal).
Correct: I wouldn’t have been able...
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20. Under no circumstances must you leave the office without informing your supervisor.
→ Rule: Inversion required after Under no circumstances.
Structure: Under no circumstances + auxiliary + subject + verb...
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