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In Python, abstract base classes (ABCs) in the abc module define interfaces for subclasses to implement, enforcing polymorphism and preventing instantiation of incomplete classes. Use them for designing robust class hierarchies where specific methods must be overridden.

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Shape(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def area(self):
        pass

class Rectangle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, width, height):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

    def area(self):
        return self.width * self.height

# rect = Rectangle(5, 3)
# print(rect.area())  # 15
# Shape()  # Error: Can't instantiate abstract class

#python #OOP #classes #abc #inheritance

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368 viewsOct 25 at 12:38

In Python, abstract base classes (ABCs) in the abc module define interfaces for subclasses to implement, enforcing polymorphism and preventing instantiation of incomplete classes. Use them for designing robust class hierarchies where specific methods must be overridden.

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Shape(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def area(self):
        pass

class Rectangle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, width, height):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

    def area(self):
        return self.width * self.height

# rect = Rectangle(5, 3)
# print(rect.area())  # 15
# Shape()  # Error: Can't instantiate abstract class

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