By which amendment did Parliament acquire the right to amend Fundamental Rights?

(a) 24th amendment
(b) 23th amendment
(c) 20th amendment
(d) 22nd amendment

UPSC CIVIL SERVICES PRELIMS SUBJECT WISE QUESTIONS OF LAST 10 YEAR
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Zigzag technology = To reduce carbon emissions from burning of bricks in brick kilns

Assam is a biodiversity hotspot having many rare and endemic plant and animal species. The greatest success in recent years has been the conservation of the Indian Rhinoceros at the Kaziranga National Park.

4 big deserts of North America

From North to South-
1. Great Basin Desert
2. Mojave Desert
3. Sonoran Desert
4. Chihuahuan Desert

Death Valley(California)
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Biochar is the best organic fertiliser and natural soil ameliorant.
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1. Out of 8 classical dance forms, 4 are from South India.
Bharatnatyam - Tamil Nadu
Kuchipudi - Andhra Pradesh
Kathakali - Kerala
Mohiniattam - Kerala
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2 dance forms are from northeastern India.

Manipuri - Manipur
Sattriya - Assam

Only 1 dance form i.e. Kathak is from North India.

Only 1 dance form i.e. Odissi - Odisha is from East India.

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Buddhist Councils :
1st BC - Rajgriha , Ajatshatru
2nd BC - Vaishali , Kalasoka
3rd BC - Pataliputra , Ashoka
4th BC - Kashmir , Kanishka

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Jain Councils :

1st JC : Pataliputra , Sthulbhadra
2nd JC : Valabhi , Svetambar , Devardhi Kshamasramana.

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Territorial waters

Upto 12 nautical miles from the base line.

Coastal state is free to set laws, regulate use of any marine resource.

Foreign vessels are given the right of 'innocent passage'.

Baseline refers to the low water line along the coast.

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Contiguous Zone

State would continue to enforce laws regarding activities such as pollution customs, taxation, smuggling or illegal immigration up to 12 additional nautical miles.

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Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

200 nautical miles from baseline.

Coastal nation has the sole exploration and exploitation rights over all natural resources in water, seabed and subsoil.

Such as,
- fishing
- oil and gas

If the continental shelf lies beyond 200 nautical miles from the shore, coastal state has exclusive rights to the resources up to 350 nautical miles.

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Median Line Principle

When two countries lie closer than 400 nautical miles apart, EEZ boundary must be drawn between the two countries.

Countries closer than 24 nautical miles draw a median line between each other's territorial waters.
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High Seas

Subject to UNCLOS management.

Meant to provide landlocked countries with rights to benefit from Earth's marine resources.

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📌 What is Ground-level Ozone or 'Tropospheric Ozone'?

Ozone can be helpful or harmful. The ozone layer high up in the stratosphere protects us from the sun’s dangerous ultraviolet radiation. But when ozone is close to the ground, it is bad for human health.

This Ground-level ozone also known as 'Tropospheric Ozone' is a colorless and highly irritating gas that forms just above the earth's surface.

It is a secondary pollutant because it is produced when two primary pollutants react in sunlight and stagnant air. These two primary pollutants are nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Ground-level Ozone can damage lung tissue, and it is especially dangerous to people with respiratory illnesses like asthma. It can also cause itchy, burning eyes.

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🔆Hills from south to north

Trick: CAN She go to JaPaN to Meet God.

✅C: Cardimom
✅A: Anaimalai
✅N: Nilgiri
✅S: Shevroy
✅J: Javadi
✅P: Palakonda
✅N: Nallamalla
✅M: Mahendragiri
✅G: Garjhat

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