📌 Shinkun La Tunnel 🚧
About the Tunnel:
✅ Location: Under Shinku-La Pass (16,580 feet), connecting Himachal’s Lahaul valley and Ladakh’s Zanskar valley.
✅ Route: Part of the Nimu-Padam-Darcha Road link.
✅ Length: 4.1 km – set to be the world’s longest high-altitude highway tunnel.
✅ Construction: Built by Border Roads Organization (BRO) at a cost of ₹1,681.5 crore.
✅ Significance:
➤ All-weather connectivity to Ladakh via the shortest route.
➤ Strategic importance: Eases movement of heavy machinery to Kargil, Siachen, LOC.
➤ Enhanced security: Protects traffic from long-range artillery shelling or missile attacks from China/Pakistan.
#mapping
About the Tunnel:
✅ Location: Under Shinku-La Pass (16,580 feet), connecting Himachal’s Lahaul valley and Ladakh’s Zanskar valley.
✅ Route: Part of the Nimu-Padam-Darcha Road link.
✅ Length: 4.1 km – set to be the world’s longest high-altitude highway tunnel.
✅ Construction: Built by Border Roads Organization (BRO) at a cost of ₹1,681.5 crore.
✅ Significance:
➤ All-weather connectivity to Ladakh via the shortest route.
➤ Strategic importance: Eases movement of heavy machinery to Kargil, Siachen, LOC.
➤ Enhanced security: Protects traffic from long-range artillery shelling or missile attacks from China/Pakistan.
#mapping
Sugarcane:
✅It has the largest value of production among all the commercial crops in India
✅It is indigenous to India and belongs to bamboo family
✅ Two-third of the total sugarcane produced in India used for preparing jaggery and khandsari
✅Molasses, bagasse and pressmud are the byproducts of sugar industry
✅It requires hot (21°-27°C) and humid (75- 150 cm) climate
✅Short cool dry winter season during ripening and harvesting is ideal; frost is detrimental to sugarcane
✅Cheap abundant labor is required for successful cultivation of sugarcane
✅Area-wise India has largest area under sugarcane cultivation in the world; whereas in production-wise India lags behind Brazil which is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane
✅To produce 1 kg of sugarcane, it takes about 210 litres of water.
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✅It has the largest value of production among all the commercial crops in India
✅It is indigenous to India and belongs to bamboo family
✅ Two-third of the total sugarcane produced in India used for preparing jaggery and khandsari
✅Molasses, bagasse and pressmud are the byproducts of sugar industry
✅It requires hot (21°-27°C) and humid (75- 150 cm) climate
✅Short cool dry winter season during ripening and harvesting is ideal; frost is detrimental to sugarcane
✅Cheap abundant labor is required for successful cultivation of sugarcane
✅Area-wise India has largest area under sugarcane cultivation in the world; whereas in production-wise India lags behind Brazil which is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane
✅To produce 1 kg of sugarcane, it takes about 210 litres of water.
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🔆Katchatheevu islands
✅Katchatheevu is a 285-acre uninhabited speck in the Palk Strait, between India and Sri Lanka, an island located about 14 nautical miles off Rameswaram,India.
✅In 1974, Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi of India and Sirima R.D. Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka signed an agreement that recognized Katchatheevu as part of Sri Lanka's territory, resulting in a change of ownership.
✅The agreement also allowed Indian fishermen to fish around the island, dry their nets on it, and permitted Indian pilgrims to visit the Catholic shrine located on the island.
✅Fisherfolk from both India and Sri Lanka have historically used Katchatheevu for fishing.
✅Though this feature was acknowledged in the 1974 agreement, the supplemental pact was signed in 1976.
✅The transfer of Katchatheevu triggered opposition and debates in both Indian Houses of Parliament.
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✅Katchatheevu is a 285-acre uninhabited speck in the Palk Strait, between India and Sri Lanka, an island located about 14 nautical miles off Rameswaram,India.
✅In 1974, Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi of India and Sirima R.D. Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka signed an agreement that recognized Katchatheevu as part of Sri Lanka's territory, resulting in a change of ownership.
✅The agreement also allowed Indian fishermen to fish around the island, dry their nets on it, and permitted Indian pilgrims to visit the Catholic shrine located on the island.
✅Fisherfolk from both India and Sri Lanka have historically used Katchatheevu for fishing.
✅Though this feature was acknowledged in the 1974 agreement, the supplemental pact was signed in 1976.
✅The transfer of Katchatheevu triggered opposition and debates in both Indian Houses of Parliament.
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Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
🔆 Geographical Location
📍 Region
✅ Situated in the Horn of Africa, which includes the countries of Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti.
📍 Borders
✅ Borders Ethiopia to the south and west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the autonomous Puntland region of Somalia to the east.
📍 Coastline
✅ Has a long coastline along the Gulf of Aden.
📍 Terrain
✅ Features a mix of mountainous regions, plateaus, and coastal plains.
#mapping
📍 Region
✅ Situated in the Horn of Africa, which includes the countries of Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti.
📍 Borders
✅ Borders Ethiopia to the south and west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the autonomous Puntland region of Somalia to the east.
📍 Coastline
✅ Has a long coastline along the Gulf of Aden.
📍 Terrain
✅ Features a mix of mountainous regions, plateaus, and coastal plains.
#mapping
📍 Guru Ghasidas - Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve
✅ Context: The Indian government has notified the 56th Tiger Reserve in the country located in Chhattisgarh – Guru Ghasidas - Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve.
✅ About the reserve:
- It is the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh, following Achankmar, Indravati, and Udanti-Sitanadi.
- With an area of 2,829 sq km, it is the third largest tiger reserve in India.
- Guru Ghasidas National Park is named after Guru Ghasidas, a Satnami reformist.
- It was the last known habitat of the Asiatic cheetah in India.
✅ Geographical Location:
- The reserve spans four districts in northern Chhattisgarh’s Sarguja region: Manendragarh-Chirmiri-Bharatpur (MCB), Korea, Surajpur, and Balrampur.
✅ Connectivity:
- It is situated between Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh) and Palamau (Jharkhand) Tiger Reserves, with proximity to Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh), forming one of the largest contiguous habitats for tigers.
✅ Context: The Indian government has notified the 56th Tiger Reserve in the country located in Chhattisgarh – Guru Ghasidas - Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve.
✅ About the reserve:
- It is the fourth tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh, following Achankmar, Indravati, and Udanti-Sitanadi.
- With an area of 2,829 sq km, it is the third largest tiger reserve in India.
- Guru Ghasidas National Park is named after Guru Ghasidas, a Satnami reformist.
- It was the last known habitat of the Asiatic cheetah in India.
✅ Geographical Location:
- The reserve spans four districts in northern Chhattisgarh’s Sarguja region: Manendragarh-Chirmiri-Bharatpur (MCB), Korea, Surajpur, and Balrampur.
✅ Connectivity:
- It is situated between Bandhavgarh (Madhya Pradesh) and Palamau (Jharkhand) Tiger Reserves, with proximity to Sanjay Dubri Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh), forming one of the largest contiguous habitats for tigers.
🔆 Coffee Board Launches GI-tagged Coffee Variants
📍 Overview
✅ The State-run Coffee Board has introduced single origin specialty brews in a Geographical Indication (GI)-tagged format for on-the-go brewing.
✅ The new product allows consumers to brew a fresh cup of coffee easily using drip bags of GI-tagged coffee.
📍 GI-Tagged Coffee Varieties
✅ The drip bags feature five GI-tagged Arabica varieties from regions such as Coorg, Bababudangiri, Chikmagalur, Araku Valley, and Monsooned Malabar.
✅ These coffees are sourced directly from growers and processed by the Coffee Board under the India Coffee Brand.
📍 Pricing and Availability
✅ The 12 drip bags (one per serving) are priced at ₹200 and are sold through e-commerce platforms like Amazon, Flipkart, and ONDC.
✅ The product is also marketed under the India Coffee Brand, making it available directly to consumers.
📍 Market Strategy
✅ The Coffee Board is focusing on both domestic and international markets, with plans to ship the coffee to countries where there is demand.
✅ This initiative aims to promote Indian coffee globally and ensure direct access to consumers.
📍 Overview
✅ The State-run Coffee Board has introduced single origin specialty brews in a Geographical Indication (GI)-tagged format for on-the-go brewing.
✅ The new product allows consumers to brew a fresh cup of coffee easily using drip bags of GI-tagged coffee.
📍 GI-Tagged Coffee Varieties
✅ The drip bags feature five GI-tagged Arabica varieties from regions such as Coorg, Bababudangiri, Chikmagalur, Araku Valley, and Monsooned Malabar.
✅ These coffees are sourced directly from growers and processed by the Coffee Board under the India Coffee Brand.
📍 Pricing and Availability
✅ The 12 drip bags (one per serving) are priced at ₹200 and are sold through e-commerce platforms like Amazon, Flipkart, and ONDC.
✅ The product is also marketed under the India Coffee Brand, making it available directly to consumers.
📍 Market Strategy
✅ The Coffee Board is focusing on both domestic and international markets, with plans to ship the coffee to countries where there is demand.
✅ This initiative aims to promote Indian coffee globally and ensure direct access to consumers.
Forwarded from Yash Gupta
🔆 Kursk Region Emergency Declared in Russia
📍 Context
✅ An emergency has been declared in Russia’s Kursk Region due to escalating tensions and attacks.
📍 Geographical Location
✅ Position: Located in the central part of the Eastern European Plain, adjacent to Ukraine.
✅ Encompasses: The Dnieper and Don river basins.
📍 Security Situation
✅ Armed militants have attacked Russia’s southern republic of Dagestan, highlighting the region's growing instability.
📍 Key Notes
✅ The Kursk region is a critical area in the context of the ongoing conflict in Eastern Europe, and this declaration comes as military tensions continue to rise.
📍 Context
✅ An emergency has been declared in Russia’s Kursk Region due to escalating tensions and attacks.
📍 Geographical Location
✅ Position: Located in the central part of the Eastern European Plain, adjacent to Ukraine.
✅ Encompasses: The Dnieper and Don river basins.
📍 Security Situation
✅ Armed militants have attacked Russia’s southern republic of Dagestan, highlighting the region's growing instability.
📍 Key Notes
✅ The Kursk region is a critical area in the context of the ongoing conflict in Eastern Europe, and this declaration comes as military tensions continue to rise.
🔆Where is Greenland?
✅Greenland - the world's largest island which is not a continent - is located in the Arctic.
✅It is also the most sparsely populated territory. About 56,000 people live there, mostly indigenous Inuit people.
About 80% of its territory is covered by ice, meaning most people live on the south-western coast around the capital, Nuuk.
✅An autonomous - or self-governing - territory of Denmark, it is also home to Danish and US military bases.
Greenland's economy is mainly based on fishing. Large subsidies from the Danish government account for about a fifth of its income, or GDP.
✅In recent years, there has been increased interest in Greenland's natural resources, including mining for rare earth minerals, uranium and iron.
✅Greenland - the world's largest island which is not a continent - is located in the Arctic.
✅It is also the most sparsely populated territory. About 56,000 people live there, mostly indigenous Inuit people.
About 80% of its territory is covered by ice, meaning most people live on the south-western coast around the capital, Nuuk.
✅An autonomous - or self-governing - territory of Denmark, it is also home to Danish and US military bases.
Greenland's economy is mainly based on fishing. Large subsidies from the Danish government account for about a fifth of its income, or GDP.
✅In recent years, there has been increased interest in Greenland's natural resources, including mining for rare earth minerals, uranium and iron.
🔆 Hussain Sagar Lake: An Icon of Hyderabad
📍 Key Points
✅ Hussain Sagar is a heart-shaped lake located in Hyderabad, Telangana.
✅ The lake is fed by the Musi River.
✅ Excavated in the year 1562 A.D. by Hussain Shah Wali during the reign of Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah.
✅ The lake spans an area of 5.7 square kilometers.
✅ The maximum depth of the lake is 32 feet.
📍 Additional Information
✅ The Tank Bund, the dam/embankment to Hussain Sagar, links Hyderabad and Secunderabad.
✅ A monolithic Buddha statue (16 meters tall, weighing 350 tonnes) was installed in the lake in 1992. The statue is made of white granite.
📍 Key Points
✅ Hussain Sagar is a heart-shaped lake located in Hyderabad, Telangana.
✅ The lake is fed by the Musi River.
✅ Excavated in the year 1562 A.D. by Hussain Shah Wali during the reign of Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah.
✅ The lake spans an area of 5.7 square kilometers.
✅ The maximum depth of the lake is 32 feet.
📍 Additional Information
✅ The Tank Bund, the dam/embankment to Hussain Sagar, links Hyderabad and Secunderabad.
✅ A monolithic Buddha statue (16 meters tall, weighing 350 tonnes) was installed in the lake in 1992. The statue is made of white granite.
🔆Thilawa Port
📍In news?
✅India delivered 442 metric tonnes of food aid to Myanmar, including rice, cooking oil, noodles, and biscuits, through the Thilawa Port, as part of "Operation Brahma" after a 7.7-magnitude earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28th.
✅Thilawa Port is the largest port terminal in Myanmar and, alongside the Port of Yangon, is one of the two main ports of Yangon
📍Yangon river :
✅The Yangon River, also known as the Rangoon River, is a marine estuary in southern Myanmar formed by the confluence of the Pegu and Myitmaka rivers, emptying into the Gulf of Martaban of the Andaman Sea, and is navigable by ocean-going vessels
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📍In news?
✅India delivered 442 metric tonnes of food aid to Myanmar, including rice, cooking oil, noodles, and biscuits, through the Thilawa Port, as part of "Operation Brahma" after a 7.7-magnitude earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28th.
✅Thilawa Port is the largest port terminal in Myanmar and, alongside the Port of Yangon, is one of the two main ports of Yangon
📍Yangon river :
✅The Yangon River, also known as the Rangoon River, is a marine estuary in southern Myanmar formed by the confluence of the Pegu and Myitmaka rivers, emptying into the Gulf of Martaban of the Andaman Sea, and is navigable by ocean-going vessels
#gs2
#prelims
#mapping
#Places_in_news
Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
🔆 Important Glaciers of Antarctica
📍 Lambert Glacier
✅ Location: East Antarctica
✅ Key Features:
- World’s largest glacier by volume and length (over 400 km long).
- Flows into the Amery Ice Shelf.
✅ Significance:
- Vital for studying ice dynamics and climate change.
- A major drainage outlet for the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.
📍 Pine Island Glacier
✅ Location: West Antarctica
✅ Key Features:
- Rapidly thinning and retreating glacier.
- Part of the Amundsen Sea Embayment.
✅ Significance:
- A key contributor to global sea-level rise.
- Monitored closely for ice sheet instability.
📍 Thwaites Glacier
✅ Location: West Antarctica
✅ Key Features:
- Known as the "Doomsday Glacier" due to its significant potential for contributing to sea-level rise.
- Melting rapidly due to warm ocean currents.
✅ Significance:
- Considered a critical glacier for understanding future sea-level changes.
#mapping
📍 Lambert Glacier
✅ Location: East Antarctica
✅ Key Features:
- World’s largest glacier by volume and length (over 400 km long).
- Flows into the Amery Ice Shelf.
✅ Significance:
- Vital for studying ice dynamics and climate change.
- A major drainage outlet for the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.
📍 Pine Island Glacier
✅ Location: West Antarctica
✅ Key Features:
- Rapidly thinning and retreating glacier.
- Part of the Amundsen Sea Embayment.
✅ Significance:
- A key contributor to global sea-level rise.
- Monitored closely for ice sheet instability.
📍 Thwaites Glacier
✅ Location: West Antarctica
✅ Key Features:
- Known as the "Doomsday Glacier" due to its significant potential for contributing to sea-level rise.
- Melting rapidly due to warm ocean currents.
✅ Significance:
- Considered a critical glacier for understanding future sea-level changes.
#mapping