โ๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐๐ค ๐๐๐ โ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ค
GUYS THIS IS URGENT One of our sisters in christ from an Islamic country is being forced to marry a Muslim Is there any way we can help her ?
Please pray that she is able to Find a Way Out without having to Submit to The evil of Islam
๐25
โ๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐๐ค ๐๐๐ โ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ค
GUYS THIS IS URGENT One of our sisters in christ from an Islamic country is being forced to marry a Muslim Is there any way we can help her ?
She is one of the Major Admins on this channel and if this channel has helped you its probably been because of Her ๐ .
Please if you can Help to get her to somewhere safe as we are trying . (THE Air fare Currently Costs 541$) if possible to Chip in so that we can save her , or if possible in any other way )
Please reach out to Me @TEMPLARBROTHER if you wanna help her
Please if you can Help to get her to somewhere safe as we are trying . (THE Air fare Currently Costs 541$) if possible to Chip in so that we can save her , or if possible in any other way )
Please reach out to Me @TEMPLARBROTHER if you wanna help her
โค10
โ๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐๐ค ๐๐๐ โ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ค
She is one of the Major Admins on this channel and if this channel has helped you its probably been because of Her ๐ . Please if you can Help to get her to somewhere safe as we are trying . (THE Air fare Currently Costs 541$) if possible to Chip in so thatโฆ
Please help us if you can . This is a genuine message from the admin
โ๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐๐ค ๐๐๐ โ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ค
She is one of the Major Admins on this channel and if this channel has helped you its probably been because of Her ๐ . Please if you can Help to get her to somewhere safe as we are trying . (THE Air fare Currently Costs 541$) if possible to Chip in so thatโฆ
Even if you can Help in a Small way... it would be appreciated to save her life
Forwarded from Ecce Verbum
Is Peter the Rock or Christ?
Peter is the visible head of the Church, and Christ the invisible eternal Head of the Church. But these two are one, so that the Church does not have two heads. This mystical unity between Christ and His Vicar is crucial to the understanding of the Roman Pontiff as the head of the Church, the body of Christ.
Pius XII: โChrist and His Vicar constitute one only Headโ of the one Church [Mystical Body of Christ 40]. Other sources (Unam Sanctam; Roman Catechism) say the same thing, with Pope Boniface in Unam Sanctam rejecting out right that the Church has two heads (โlike a monsterโ). Peter (and each successor) is the visible head, and Christ the eternal (invisible, we say) Head, but their unity gives the Pope divine authority, despite being a fallen sinner with a limited earthly reign.
Peter (and each successor) is the visible Rock and Christ is the eternal invisible Rock. And so, just as the clearly taught mystical unity between Christ and His Vicar constitutes one only Head, not two, this same mystical unity constitutes one only Rock: Christ and the Roman Pontiff. As for Peter, โfor ever he lives and presides and exercises judgment in his successors the bishops of the Holy Roman See, which he founded and consecrated with his bloodโ (Pastor Aeternus 2, 2), and so Peter never ceases to be the Rock, in the sense that he presides through his successors.
Leo XIII teaches in Satis Cognitum 12:
โAnd since all Christians must be closely united in the communion of one immutable faith, Christ the Lord, in virtue of His prayers, obtained for Peter that in the fulfilment of his office he should never fall away from the faith. โBut I have asked for thee that thy faith fail notโ (Luke xxii., 32), and He furthermore commanded him to impart light and strength to his brethren as often as the need should arise: โConfirm thy brethrenโ (Ibid.). He willed then that he whom He had designated as the foundation of the Church should be the defense of its faith. โCould not Christ who confided to him the Kingdom by His own authority have strengthened the faith of one whom He designated a rock to show the foundation of the Church?โ (S. Ambrosius, De Fide, lib. iv., n. 56).
โFor this reason Jesus Christ willed that Peter should participate in certain names, signs of great things which properly belong to Himself alone: in order that identity of titles should show identity of power. So He who is Himself โthe chief corner-stone in whom all the building being framed together, groweth up in a holy temple in the Lordโ (Eph. ii., 21), placed Peter as it were a stone to support the Church. โWhen he heard โthou art a rock,โ he was ennobled by the announcement. Although he is a rock, not as Christ is a rock, but as Peter is a rock. For Christ is by His very being an immovable rock; Peter only through this rock. Christ imparts His gifts, and is not exhaustedโฆ. He is a priest, and makes priests. He is a rock, and constitutes a rockโ (Hom. de Poenitentia, n. 4 in Appendice opp. S. Basilii [attributed to St. Basil])
Pope Leo XIII teaches that Christ is the Rock on which the Church is founded, just as Christ is also the Head of the Church. But Peter and his successors are each Rock and Head due to their mystical unity with Christ. Peter is Head and Rock only through Christ. Since the Church is the body of Christ, Peter alone cannot be its Head; Christ must be the Head of His own body. But Christ gifted the Church with a visible Head, united to himself as one Head, and the same for the foundational Rock of the Church. That Rock is Peter and his successors, not Peter alone historically, but Peter in his successors. But Peter can only be the foundational Rock of the Body of Christ through Christ, the Cornerstone of the Church. These are not two different roles, Cornerstone and Rock. Rather, Christ is the Rock or Cornerstone (in Hebrew โHead of the Cornerโ) and so is Peter, through his mystical unity with Christ.
Peter is the visible head of the Church, and Christ the invisible eternal Head of the Church. But these two are one, so that the Church does not have two heads. This mystical unity between Christ and His Vicar is crucial to the understanding of the Roman Pontiff as the head of the Church, the body of Christ.
Pius XII: โChrist and His Vicar constitute one only Headโ of the one Church [Mystical Body of Christ 40]. Other sources (Unam Sanctam; Roman Catechism) say the same thing, with Pope Boniface in Unam Sanctam rejecting out right that the Church has two heads (โlike a monsterโ). Peter (and each successor) is the visible head, and Christ the eternal (invisible, we say) Head, but their unity gives the Pope divine authority, despite being a fallen sinner with a limited earthly reign.
Peter (and each successor) is the visible Rock and Christ is the eternal invisible Rock. And so, just as the clearly taught mystical unity between Christ and His Vicar constitutes one only Head, not two, this same mystical unity constitutes one only Rock: Christ and the Roman Pontiff. As for Peter, โfor ever he lives and presides and exercises judgment in his successors the bishops of the Holy Roman See, which he founded and consecrated with his bloodโ (Pastor Aeternus 2, 2), and so Peter never ceases to be the Rock, in the sense that he presides through his successors.
Leo XIII teaches in Satis Cognitum 12:
โAnd since all Christians must be closely united in the communion of one immutable faith, Christ the Lord, in virtue of His prayers, obtained for Peter that in the fulfilment of his office he should never fall away from the faith. โBut I have asked for thee that thy faith fail notโ (Luke xxii., 32), and He furthermore commanded him to impart light and strength to his brethren as often as the need should arise: โConfirm thy brethrenโ (Ibid.). He willed then that he whom He had designated as the foundation of the Church should be the defense of its faith. โCould not Christ who confided to him the Kingdom by His own authority have strengthened the faith of one whom He designated a rock to show the foundation of the Church?โ (S. Ambrosius, De Fide, lib. iv., n. 56).
โFor this reason Jesus Christ willed that Peter should participate in certain names, signs of great things which properly belong to Himself alone: in order that identity of titles should show identity of power. So He who is Himself โthe chief corner-stone in whom all the building being framed together, groweth up in a holy temple in the Lordโ (Eph. ii., 21), placed Peter as it were a stone to support the Church. โWhen he heard โthou art a rock,โ he was ennobled by the announcement. Although he is a rock, not as Christ is a rock, but as Peter is a rock. For Christ is by His very being an immovable rock; Peter only through this rock. Christ imparts His gifts, and is not exhaustedโฆ. He is a priest, and makes priests. He is a rock, and constitutes a rockโ (Hom. de Poenitentia, n. 4 in Appendice opp. S. Basilii [attributed to St. Basil])
Pope Leo XIII teaches that Christ is the Rock on which the Church is founded, just as Christ is also the Head of the Church. But Peter and his successors are each Rock and Head due to their mystical unity with Christ. Peter is Head and Rock only through Christ. Since the Church is the body of Christ, Peter alone cannot be its Head; Christ must be the Head of His own body. But Christ gifted the Church with a visible Head, united to himself as one Head, and the same for the foundational Rock of the Church. That Rock is Peter and his successors, not Peter alone historically, but Peter in his successors. But Peter can only be the foundational Rock of the Body of Christ through Christ, the Cornerstone of the Church. These are not two different roles, Cornerstone and Rock. Rather, Christ is the Rock or Cornerstone (in Hebrew โHead of the Cornerโ) and so is Peter, through his mystical unity with Christ.
โค7
Forwarded from โ๐ฃ๐ ๐ฅ โ๐๐ฅ๐
My friends
If you spend more time here than in Church, we arenโt solving anything
Go to Adoration, Daily Masses, Confession, speak to your Priest about your vocation, there should be no reason why you shouldnโt know your Priests name and vice versa.
Get off this app and pray the Rosary
I can post a million Reasons why to be Catholic
But if you donโt put it in action everything is pointless
If you spend more time here than in Church, we arenโt solving anything
Go to Adoration, Daily Masses, Confession, speak to your Priest about your vocation, there should be no reason why you shouldnโt know your Priests name and vice versa.
Get off this app and pray the Rosary
I can post a million Reasons why to be Catholic
But if you donโt put it in action everything is pointless
โค16
โ๐ฃ๐ ๐ฅ โ๐๐ฅ๐
My friends
If you spend more time here than in Church, we arenโt solving anything
Go to Adoration, Daily Masses, Confession, speak to your Priest about your vocation, there should be no reason why you shouldnโt know your Priests name and vice versa.
Get off this app and pray the Rosary
I can post a million Reasons why to be Catholic
But if you donโt put it in action everything is pointless
If you spend more time here than in Church, we arenโt solving anything
Go to Adoration, Daily Masses, Confession, speak to your Priest about your vocation, there should be no reason why you shouldnโt know your Priests name and vice versa.
Get off this app and pray the Rosary
I can post a million Reasons why to be Catholic
But if you donโt put it in action everything is pointless
My friends
If you spend more time here than in Church, we arenโt solving anything
Go to Adoration, Daily Masses, Confession, speak to your Priest about your vocation, there should be no reason why you shouldnโt know your Priests name and vice versa.
Get off this app and pray the Rosary
I can post a million Reasons why to be Catholic
But if you donโt put it in action everything is pointless
I would Like to Add that It is completely Pointless to do Apologetics and Polemics if you don't go to Church or Receive the Sacraments .
What's the use of knowing all arguments and Apologetics when you cannot apply the Core teachings of Catholicism to your life ? What's will you benefit if you don't go to Mass ?๐
You must live out the Sacraments of the Catholic Church. Stand and Support your Catholic brothers always.
2 Thessalonians 2:13-16
13 Where unto also he hath called you by our gospel, unto the purchasing of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.
14 Therefore, brethren, stand fast; and hold the traditions which you have learned, whether by word, or by our epistle.
15 Now our Lord Jesus Christ himself, and God and our Father, who hath loved us, and hath given us everlasting consolation, and good hope in grace,
16 Exhort your hearts, and confirm you in every good work and word.
โค6
PAPAL SUPREMACY AT CHALCEDON
The fourth ecumenical council. Held in 451 in the city of Chalcedon Most famous for defining that Christ has two naturesโdivine and humanโthat are united but distinct. The Same ecumenical Council of Chalcedon Supports Papal supremacy and calls the Pope the Head of All the churches .
The ecumenical council of Chalcedon also states that the Pope Is endowed with the Dignity of Peter Itself . That's why this council also proclaimed that ๐
The fourth ecumenical council. Held in 451 in the city of Chalcedon Most famous for defining that Christ has two naturesโdivine and humanโthat are united but distinct. The Same ecumenical Council of Chalcedon Supports Papal supremacy and calls the Pope the Head of All the churches .
The ecumenical council of Chalcedon also states that the Pope Is endowed with the Dignity of Peter Itself . That's why this council also proclaimed that ๐
"Peter has spoken thus through Leo! . . . This is the true faith! Those of us who are orthodox thus believe! This is the faith of the Fathers!'โ
โค9๐ฅ4
โ๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ธ๐ก๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐๐ค ๐๐๐ โ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ค
She is one of the Major Admins on this channel and if this channel has helped you its probably been because of Her ๐ . Please if you can Help to get her to somewhere safe as we are trying . (THE Air fare Currently Costs 541$) if possible to Chip in so thatโฆ
UPDATE :
We still need the Help Guys .... Please Help us in any way you can , be it monetary or otherwise. (Monetary help and Advice is much needed)
Thanking you all in advance .๐ข๐
Please DM me @TEMPLARBROTHER
If you can help
We still need the Help Guys .... Please Help us in any way you can , be it monetary or otherwise. (Monetary help and Advice is much needed)
Thanking you all in advance .๐ข๐
Please DM me @TEMPLARBROTHER
If you can help
๐1
Even All the Early Prot heretic Bibles contained the Deuterocanonicals (aka Apocrypha) ๐
The Council of Rome - includes Apocrypha
โNow indeed we must treat of the divine scriptures, what the universal Catholic Church accepts and what she ought to shun. The order of the Old Testament begins here: Genesis, one book; Exodus, one book; Leviticus, one book; Numbers, one book; Deuteronomy, one book; Joshua [Son of] Nave, one book; Judges, one book; Ruth, one book; Kings, four books [that is, 1 and 2 Samuel and 1 and 2 Kings]; Paralipomenon [Chronicles], two books; Psalms, one book; Solomon, three books: Proverbs, one book, Ecclesiastes, one book, [and] Canticle of Canticles [Song of Songs], one book; likewise Wisdom, one book; Ecclesiasticus [Sirach], one book . . . . Likewise the order of the historical [books]: Job, one book; Tobit, one book; Esdras, two books [Ezra and Nehemiah]; Esther, one book; Judith, one book; Maccabees, two booksโ - (Decree of Pope Damasus [A.D. 382]).
Council of Hippo - includes Apocrypha
โ[It has been decided] that besides the canonical scriptures nothing be read in church under the name of divine Scripture. But the canonical scriptures are as follows: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua the Son of Nun, Judges, Ruth, the Kings, four books, the Chronicles, two books, Job, the Psalter, the five books of Solomon [Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom, and a portion of the Psalms], the twelve books of the prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, Ezekiel, Tobit, Judith, Esther, Ezra, two books, Maccabees, two books . . .โ (Council of Hippo, Canon 36 [A.D. 393]).
Council of Carthage III - includes Apocrypha
โ[It has been decided] that nothing except the canonical scriptures should be read in the Church under the name of the divine scriptures. But the canonical scriptures are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, four books of Kings, Paralipomenon, two books, Job, the Psalter of David, five books of Solomon, twelve books of the prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, Ezekiel, Tobit, Judith, Esther, two books of Esdras, two books of the Maccabeesโ - (Synod of Carthage, Canon 47 [A.D. 397]).
St. Augustine - included Apocrypha
โThe whole canon of the scriptures, however, in which we say that consideration is to be applied, is contained in these books: the five of Moses . . . and one book of Joshua [Son of] Nave, one of Judges; one little book which is called Ruth . . . then the four of Kingdoms, and the two of Paralipomenon . . . . [T]here are also others too, of a different order . . . such as Job and Tobit and Esther and Judith and the two books of Maccabees, and the two of Esdras . . . . Then there are the prophets, in which there is one book of the Psalms of David, and three of Solomon. . . . But as to those two books, one of which is entitled Wisdom and the other of which is entitled Ecclesiasticus and which are called โof Solomonโ because of a certain similarity to his books, it is held most certainly that they were written by Jesus Sirach. They must, however, be accounted among the prophetic books, because of the authority which is deservedly accredited to themโ - (Christian Instruction 2:8:13 [A.D. 397]).
The Latin Vulgate - Translated from the Greek by St Jerome in 405 AD. Included the Apocrypha.
The Wycliffe Bible - John Wycliffe translated from the Vulgate into English in the late 1300โs. Included the Apocrypha.
The Coverdale Bible - Myles Coverdale translated into English in 1535. Included the Apocrypha.
The Great Bible - Authorized by King Henry VIII in 1539 into English. Included the Apocrypha.
The Geneva Bible - translated by Protestants in 1560. Included the Apocrypha.
The Bishopโs Bible - translated in 1568 under Church of England. Included the Apocrypha.
The King James Version - Translated into English under King James I in 1611. Included the Apocrypha.
The Luther Bible - translated into German by Martin Luther; the New Testament published in 1522, the Old Testament and Apocrypha published in 1534, though he didnโt like it.
The Council of Rome - includes Apocrypha
โNow indeed we must treat of the divine scriptures, what the universal Catholic Church accepts and what she ought to shun. The order of the Old Testament begins here: Genesis, one book; Exodus, one book; Leviticus, one book; Numbers, one book; Deuteronomy, one book; Joshua [Son of] Nave, one book; Judges, one book; Ruth, one book; Kings, four books [that is, 1 and 2 Samuel and 1 and 2 Kings]; Paralipomenon [Chronicles], two books; Psalms, one book; Solomon, three books: Proverbs, one book, Ecclesiastes, one book, [and] Canticle of Canticles [Song of Songs], one book; likewise Wisdom, one book; Ecclesiasticus [Sirach], one book . . . . Likewise the order of the historical [books]: Job, one book; Tobit, one book; Esdras, two books [Ezra and Nehemiah]; Esther, one book; Judith, one book; Maccabees, two booksโ - (Decree of Pope Damasus [A.D. 382]).
Council of Hippo - includes Apocrypha
โ[It has been decided] that besides the canonical scriptures nothing be read in church under the name of divine Scripture. But the canonical scriptures are as follows: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua the Son of Nun, Judges, Ruth, the Kings, four books, the Chronicles, two books, Job, the Psalter, the five books of Solomon [Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom, and a portion of the Psalms], the twelve books of the prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, Ezekiel, Tobit, Judith, Esther, Ezra, two books, Maccabees, two books . . .โ (Council of Hippo, Canon 36 [A.D. 393]).
Council of Carthage III - includes Apocrypha
โ[It has been decided] that nothing except the canonical scriptures should be read in the Church under the name of the divine scriptures. But the canonical scriptures are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, four books of Kings, Paralipomenon, two books, Job, the Psalter of David, five books of Solomon, twelve books of the prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, Ezekiel, Tobit, Judith, Esther, two books of Esdras, two books of the Maccabeesโ - (Synod of Carthage, Canon 47 [A.D. 397]).
St. Augustine - included Apocrypha
โThe whole canon of the scriptures, however, in which we say that consideration is to be applied, is contained in these books: the five of Moses . . . and one book of Joshua [Son of] Nave, one of Judges; one little book which is called Ruth . . . then the four of Kingdoms, and the two of Paralipomenon . . . . [T]here are also others too, of a different order . . . such as Job and Tobit and Esther and Judith and the two books of Maccabees, and the two of Esdras . . . . Then there are the prophets, in which there is one book of the Psalms of David, and three of Solomon. . . . But as to those two books, one of which is entitled Wisdom and the other of which is entitled Ecclesiasticus and which are called โof Solomonโ because of a certain similarity to his books, it is held most certainly that they were written by Jesus Sirach. They must, however, be accounted among the prophetic books, because of the authority which is deservedly accredited to themโ - (Christian Instruction 2:8:13 [A.D. 397]).
St. Jerome - who translated the Latin Vulgate - included Apocrypha
โWhat sin have I committed if I follow the judgment of the churches? But he who brings charges against me for relating [in my preface to the book of Daniel] the objections that the Hebrews are wont to raise against the story of Susannah, the Song of the Three Children, and the story of Bel and the Dragon, which are not found in the Hebrew volume, proves that he is just a foolish sycophant, for I explained not what I thought but what they commonly say against us.โ - (Against Rufinus 11:33 A.D. 401 note: this is after the Council of Rome in 382 to establish the canon)
Pope Innocent I - included Apocrypha
โA brief addition shows what books really are received in the canon. These are the things of which you desired to be informed verbally: of Moses, five books, that is, of Genesis, of Exodus, of Leviticus, of Numbers, of Deuteronomy, and Joshua, of Judges, one book, of Kings, four books, and also Ruth, of the prophets, sixteen books, of Solomon, five books, the Psalms. Likewise of the histories, Job, one book, of Tobit, one book, Esther, one, Judith, one, of the Maccabees, two, of Esdras, two, Paralipomenon, two booksโ - (Letters 7 [A.D. 408]).
โฆ. Council of Florence before the council of Trent included apocrypha alsoโฆ
โWhat sin have I committed if I follow the judgment of the churches? But he who brings charges against me for relating [in my preface to the book of Daniel] the objections that the Hebrews are wont to raise against the story of Susannah, the Song of the Three Children, and the story of Bel and the Dragon, which are not found in the Hebrew volume, proves that he is just a foolish sycophant, for I explained not what I thought but what they commonly say against us.โ - (Against Rufinus 11:33 A.D. 401 note: this is after the Council of Rome in 382 to establish the canon)
Pope Innocent I - included Apocrypha
โA brief addition shows what books really are received in the canon. These are the things of which you desired to be informed verbally: of Moses, five books, that is, of Genesis, of Exodus, of Leviticus, of Numbers, of Deuteronomy, and Joshua, of Judges, one book, of Kings, four books, and also Ruth, of the prophets, sixteen books, of Solomon, five books, the Psalms. Likewise of the histories, Job, one book, of Tobit, one book, Esther, one, Judith, one, of the Maccabees, two, of Esdras, two, Paralipomenon, two booksโ - (Letters 7 [A.D. 408]).
โฆ. Council of Florence before the council of Trent included apocrypha alsoโฆ
The Protestant Canon is Idiotic because it has only 66 books (7 books Less than An Actual Bible Should Contain * ) Thanks to The Likes of Bible Butcherer Martin Luther and Other Scripture Perverts Who Distorted and removed 7 Biblical Books FROM THE BIBLE! ๐คฎ๐ก
*AN IDEAL BIBLE.... AND BY IDEAL I MEAN CATHOLIC BIBLE ..... HAS 73 BOOKS!
eg : DOUAY RHEIMS , NRSVCE , OR LITERALLY ANY CATHOLIC BIBLE . Even better if you can read the Vulgate or the Septuagint WHILST following THE MAGESTERIUM
** Protestants removed seven books from the Old Testament :
โข1ใ 1 Macabees
โข2ใ 2 Maccabees
โข3ใ Sirach
โข4ใ Wisdom
โข5ใBaruch
โข6ใ Tobit
โข7ใJudith
+ and parts of two others, Daniel and Esther. They did so even though these books had been regarded AUTHORITATIVEL And 100% CANONICAL since the beginning of Church history itself.
*AN IDEAL BIBLE.... AND BY IDEAL I MEAN CATHOLIC BIBLE ..... HAS 73 BOOKS!
eg : DOUAY RHEIMS , NRSVCE , OR LITERALLY ANY CATHOLIC BIBLE . Even better if you can read the Vulgate or the Septuagint WHILST following THE MAGESTERIUM
** Protestants removed seven books from the Old Testament :
โข1ใ 1 Macabees
โข2ใ 2 Maccabees
โข3ใ Sirach
โข4ใ Wisdom
โข5ใBaruch
โข6ใ Tobit
โข7ใJudith
+ and parts of two others, Daniel and Esther. They did so even though these books had been regarded AUTHORITATIVEL And 100% CANONICAL since the beginning of Church history itself.
โค5